Interior finishes and flooring

Waterproof finish and furring

9.29.2.1.OBC Div. B 9.29.2.1. Where Required(1) Waterproof finish shall be provided to a height of not less than (a) 1.8 m above the floor in shower stalls, (b) 1.2 m above the rims of bathtubs equipped with showers, and (c) 400 mm above the rims of bathtubs not equipped with showers. sets how high a waterproof wall finish must go:

Acceptable materials include ceramic, plastic or metal tile, sheet vinyl, tempered hardboard, laminated thermosetting sheets and linoleum (9.29.2.2.OBC Div. B 9.29.2.2. Materials(1) Waterproof finish shall consist of ceramic, plastic or metal tile, sheet vinyl, tempered hardboard, laminated thermosetting decorative sheets or linoleum.). Tile around tubs and showers goes over moisture-resistant backing (9.29.10.4.OBC Div. B 9.29.10.4. Moisture Resistant Backing(1) Ceramic and plastic tile installed on walls around bathtubs or showers shall be applied over moisture-resistant backing.). The joint between tile and tub is caulked with a mildew-resistant compound (9.29.10.5.OBC Div. B 9.29.10.5. Joints Between Tiles and Bathtub(1) The joints between wall tiles and a bathtub or shower shall be suitably caulked with material conforming to CAN/CGSB-19.22-M, "Mildew Resistant Sealing Compound for Tubs and Tiles.").

Wood furring size comes from Table 9.29.3.1.OBC Div. B Table 9.29.3.1. Minimum Size of Furring, mmTable 9.29.3.1. — Minimum Size of Furring, mm Forming Part of Sentence 9.29.3.1.(1) Maximum Spacing of Furring, mm | Maximum Spacing of Furring Supports (Continuous Supports) | Maximum Spacing of Furring Supports (400 mm o.c.) | Maximum Spacing of Furring Supports (600 mm o.c.) 300 | 19 × 38 | 19 × 38 | 19 × 64 400 |…. Read the row for furring spacing and the column for the spacing of the members the furring is fastened to:

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Furring is fastened with nails at least 51 mm long (9.29.3.2.OBC Div. B 9.29.3.2. Fastening(1) Furring shall be fastened to the framing or to wood blocks with not less than 51 mm nails.).

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Gypsum board

Subsection 9.29.5. covers single-layer gypsum board nailed or screwed to wood framing or furring. Other applications follow CSA A82.31-M (9.29.5.1.OBC Div. B 9.29.5.1. Application(1) The requirements for application of gypsum board in this Subsection apply to the single layer application of gypsum board to wood furring or framing using nails or screws. (2) Except as provided in Sentence (3), gypsum board applications not described in this Subsection shall conform to CSA A82.31-M, "Gypsum Board…). Plaster follows CSA A82.30-M (9.29.4.1.OBC Div. B 9.29.4.1. Application(1) Application of plaster wall and ceiling finishes, including installation of metal or gypsum lath, shall conform to CSA A82.30-M, "Interior Furring, Lathing and Gypsum Plastering.").

Support spacing is in Table 9.29.5.3.OBC Div. B Table 9.29.5.3. Spacing of Supports for Gypsum Board Conforming to Sentence 9.29.5.2.(1) (Except Sections 9 and 12 of ASTM C1396 / C1396M)Table 9.29.5.3. — Spacing of Supports for Gypsum Board Conforming to Sentence 9.29.5.2.(1) (Except Sections 9 and 12 of ASTM C1396 / C1396M) Forming Part of Sentence 9.29.5.3.(1) Thickness, mm | Orientation of Board to Framing | Maximum Spacing of Supports, mm o.c. (Walls) | Maximum Spacing of Supports, mm o.c…. It depends on thickness, orientation and finish. The ceiling with a water-based texture finish column is the one that catches people:

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The table has a second part for the sag-resistant ceiling board in Section 12 of ASTM C1396. That board, 12.7 mm thick and perpendicular, is allowed at 600 mm under a texture finish. Gypsum board that supports insulation must be at least 12.7 mm thick (9.29.5.4.OBC Div. B 9.29.5.4. Support of Insulation(1) Gypsum board supporting insulation shall be not less than 12.7 mm thick.).

Fastener penetration comes from Table 9.29.5.5.OBC Div. B Table 9.29.5.5. Minimum Penetration, mm - Forming Part of Sentence 9.29.5.5.(1)Table 9.29.5.5. — Minimum Penetration, mm - Forming Part of Sentence 9.29.5.5.(1) Forming Part of Sentence 9.29.5.5.(1) Required Fire-Resistance Rating of Assembly | Walls (Nails) | Walls (Screws) | Ceilings (Nails) | Ceilings (Screws) Not required | 20 | 15 | 20 | 15 45 min | 20 | 20 | 30 | 30 1 h | 20 | 20 | 45 | 45…. With no fire-resistance rating, nails penetrate 20 mm and screws 15 mm. For rated ceilings it rises: 30 mm at 45 min, 45 mm at 1 h, 60 mm at 1.5 h.

Fastener spacing for single layers (9.29.5.8.OBC Div. B 9.29.5.8. Spacing of Nails(1) For single-layer application on a ceiling, nails shall be spaced (a) not more than 180 mm o.c. on ceiling supports, or (b) every 300 mm o.c. along ceiling supports, in pairs about 50 mm apart. (2) Where the ceiling sheets are supported by the wall sheets around the perimeter of the ceiling, this support may be… nails, 9.29.5.9.OBC Div. B 9.29.5.9. Spacing of Screws(1) For single-layer application on a ceiling, screws shall be spaced not more than 300 mm o.c. on ceiling supports. (2) Where the ceiling sheets are supported by the wall sheets around the perimeter of the ceiling, this support may be considered as equivalent to screwing at this location. (3) Except as required by… screws):

Fasteners stay at least 10 mm from edges, and heads must not break the paper. The top nails on wall studs are within 200 mm of the ceiling. In cold weather, keep at least 10°C for 48 h before taping and 48 h after (9.29.5.10.OBC Div. B 9.29.5.10. Low Temperature Conditions(1) In cold weather, heat shall be provided to maintain a temperature not below 10° C for 48 h prior to taping and finishing and maintained for not less than 48 h thereafter.).

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Other panel finishes and tile

• Plywood finish thickness is in Table 9.29.6.1.OBC Div. B Table 9.29.6.1. Thickness of Plywood Interior Finish - Forming Part of Articles 9.29.6.1., 9.29.6.2. and 9.29.9.2.Table 9.29.6.1. Thickness of Plywood Interior Finish - Forming Part of Articles 9.29.6.1., 9.29.6.2. and 9.29.9.2. Forming Part of Articles 9.29.6.1., 9.29.6.2. and 9.29.9.2. Maximum Spacing of Supports, mm o.c. | Min Thickness: On Supports with no Horizontal Blocking, mm[1] | Min Thickness: On Supports with Blocking…: 4.7 mm at 400 mm supports and 8.0 mm at 600 mm without blocking. All edges are supported. Nails are at least 38 mm, at 150 mm on edges and 300 mm on intermediate supports (9.29.6.3.OBC Div. B 9.29.6.3. Nails and Staples(1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), nails for attaching plywood finishes shall not be less than 38 mm casing or finishing nails spaced not more than 150 mm o.c. along edge supports and 300 mm o.c. along intermediate supports, except that staples providing equivalent lateral resistance may also be used. (2) Where…).
• Hardboard (9.29.7.2.OBC Div. B 9.29.7.2. Thickness(1) Hardboard shall be not less than (a) 3 mm thick where applied over continuous backing, (b) 6 mm thick when applied over supports spaced not more than 400 mm o.c., and (c) 9 mm thick when applied over supports spaced not more than 600 mm o.c.): 3 mm on continuous backing, 6 mm at 400 mm, 9 mm at 600 mm.
• OSB, waferboard and particleboard (9.29.9.2.OBC Div. B 9.29.9.2. Minimum Thickness(1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), the minimum thickness of O-2 grade OSB used as an interior finish shall conform to that shown for plywood in Table 9.29.6.1. (2) Thicknesses listed in Table 9.29.6.1. shall permit a manufacturing tolerance of -0.4 mm. (3) No minimum thickness is required where O-2 grade…): O-2 OSB follows the plywood table. O-1, R-1 and particleboard are 6.35 mm at 400 mm and 9.5 mm at 600 mm.
• Ceramic tile (9.29.10.OBC Div. B 9.29.10.1. Tile Application(1) Ceramic tile shall be set in a mortar base or applied with an adhesive. (2) Plastic tile shall be applied with an adhesive.) is set in mortar or adhesive. A mortar base is one part Portland cement to no more than a quarter part lime, mixed with 3 to 5 parts aggregate (9.29.10.2.OBC Div. B 9.29.10.2. Mortar Base(1) When ceramic tile is applied to a mortar base the cementitious material shall consist of one part Portland cement to not more than one-quarter part lime by volume. (2) The cementitious material described in Sentence (1) shall be mixed with not less than 3 nor more than 5 parts of aggregate per part of cementitious…).

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Flooring

Every residential occupancy gets finished flooring (9.30.1.1.OBC Div. B 9.30.1.1. Required Finished Flooring(1) Finished flooring shall be provided in all residential occupancies.). Bathrooms, kitchens, public entrance halls, laundries and general storage areas need water-resistant flooring such as resilient flooring, ceramic tile or concrete (9.30.1.2.OBC Div. B 9.30.1.2. Water Resistance(1) Finished flooring in bathrooms, kitchens, public entrance halls, laundry and general storage areas shall consist of resilient flooring, felted-synthetic-fibre floor coverings, concrete, terrazzo, ceramic tile, mastic or other types of flooring providing similar degrees of water resistance. (See Note A-9.30.1.2.(1))). Wood sleepers over a slab on ground are at least 19 x 38 mm and preservative treated (9.30.1.3.OBC Div. B 9.30.1.3. Sleepers(1) Wood sleepers supporting finished flooring over a concrete base supported on the ground shall be not less than 19 mm by 38 mm and shall be treated with a wood preservative.).

Panel-type underlay (9.30.2.1.OBC Div. B 9.30.2.1. Required Underlay(1) A panel-type underlay shall be provided under resilient flooring, parquet flooring, ceramic tile, felted-synthetic-fibre floor coverings or carpeting laid over lumber subflooring. (See Sentence 9.30.3.2.(1)) (2) Panel-type underlay shall be provided under resilient flooring, parquet flooring…) is required:

• under resilient, parquet, felted-synthetic-fibre flooring, carpet and ceramic tile laid over lumber subflooring,
• under those finishes (except tile) on panel subflooring with unsupported edges,
• under ceramic tile applied with adhesive,
• under resilient flooring on waferboard or strandboard subflooring.

Underlay is at least 6 mm thick (9.30.2.2.OBC Div. B 9.30.2.2. Materials and Thickness(1) Panel-type underlay shall be not less than 6 mm thick and shall conform to (a) ANSI A208.1, "Particleboard," (b) CAN/CGSB-11.3-M, "Hardboard," (c) ANSI/HPVA HP-1, "American National Standard for Hardwood and Decorative Plywood," (d) CSA O121, "Douglas fir plywood," (e) CSA O151, "Canadian softwood plywood," (f)…). It is fastened at 150 mm on edges and 200 mm each way elsewhere (9.30.2.3.OBC Div. B 9.30.2.3. Fastening(1) Panel-type underlay shall be fastened to the subfloor with staples, annular grooved flooring nails or spiral nails, spaced not more than 150 mm o.c. along the edges and 200 mm o.c. both ways at other locations. (2) Nails for panel-type underlay shall be not less than 19 mm long for 6 mm thick underlay and 22 mm…). Its joints are offset at least 200 mm from subfloor joints (9.30.2.4.OBC Div. B 9.30.2.4. Joints Offset(1) Where panel-type underlay is required to be installed over plywood, OSB or waferboard, the joints in the underlay shall be offset not less than 200 mm from the joints in the underlying subfloor.).

Wood strip flooring thickness comes from Table 9.30.3.1.OBC Div. B Table 9.30.3.1. Thickness of Wood Strip Flooring - Forming Part of Sentence 9.30.3.1.(1)Table 9.30.3.1. Thickness of Wood Strip Flooring - Forming Part of Sentence 9.30.3.1.(1) Forming Part of Sentence 9.30.3.1.(1) Type of Flooring | Maximum Joist Spacing, mm | Minimum Thickness of Flooring — With Subfloor, mm | Minimum Thickness of Flooring — No Subfloor, mm Matched hardwood (interior use only) | 400 |…:

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Strip flooring may not run parallel to lumber subflooring unless there is separate underlay (9.30.3.2.OBC Div. B 9.30.3.2. Strip Direction and End Joints(1) Wood strip flooring shall not be laid parallel to lumber subflooring unless a separate underlay is provided. (2) If wood strip flooring is applied without a subfloor, it shall be laid at right angles to the joists so that the end joints are staggered and occur over supports or are end matched. (3) If the flooring…). Nail length and spacing come from Table 9.30.3.3.OBC Div. B Table 9.30.3.3. Nailing of Wood Strip Flooring - Forming Part of Sentence 9.30.3.3.(1)Table 9.30.3.3. Nailing of Wood Strip Flooring - Forming Part of Sentence 9.30.3.3.(1) Forming Part of Sentence 9.30.3.3.(1) Finish Floor Thickness, mm | Minimum Length of Flooring Nails, mm | Maximum Spacing of Flooring Nails, mm 7.9 | 38 | 30[1] 11.1 | 51 | 300 19.0 | 57 | 400 25.4 | 63 | 400 31.7 | 70 | 600 38.1 |…; for example, 19.0 mm flooring uses 57 mm nails at 400 mm. Face nails are countersunk. Resilient flooring on slabs on ground must be a type that tolerates moisture, set in waterproof, alkali-resistant adhesive (9.30.5.1.OBC Div. B 9.30.5.1. Materials(1) Resilient flooring used on concrete slabs supported on ground shall consist of asphalt, rubber, unbacked vinyl or vinyl with an inorganic type backing. (2) Flooring described in Sentence (1) shall be attached to the base with a suitable waterproof and alkali-resistant adhesive.).

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